1701006010 CASE PRESENTATION

 LONG  CASE  

Chief complaints

80 years old male resident of marrigudem, agriculture labourer by occupation came to OPD with the chief complaints of

 fever - since 3 days

An episode of vomiting 2 days back

Decreased urine output associated with burning micturition since - since 2 days

History of presenting illness

patient is apparently asymptomatic 3 days back. 

He has fever :

      insidious in onset 

      gradually progressive 

      with no diurnal variations 

      Relieved on medication

       Associated with chills, rigors and generalised body pains. It is not associated with cough, cold, shortness of breathe, night sweats.

        Associated with an episode of vomiting 2 days back which is of only food which is non bilious and not foul smelling and colour is same as the food colour.

There is burning micturition which is experienced at the start of the urinary flow and relieved after the urination and decreased urine output since 2 days which is not associated with any hematuria.

Past history



He was with similar complaints in the past 10years ago, then he consulted a local doctor and relieved on medication (may be antibiotics). And there is continuation of such episodes then refered to higher hospital and diagnosed with renal problem (AKI) which was treated with dialysis once and given some diuretics as he is suffering from oliguria.

He has a recurrent episodes of fever with burning micturition later also.

He is known case of hypertension since 24years. Not a known case of diabetes, tuberculosis,asthma and epilepsy.

Surgical history

He underwent a nephrectomy surgery 27yrs ago donated to his brother.

Personal history

Appetite - normal

Diet- mixed

Sleep - adequate

Bowel - regular

Bladder - oliguria since 2 days, associated with burning micturition, feeling of incomplete voiding. 

Allergies- none

Addiction- 3 beedi/ day from 27yrs of age

Alcohol- occasionally 

Stopped both alcohol and smoking after the nephrectomy surgery.

General examination

Patient is conscious, coherent, co operative and well oriented to time, place, and person moderately build and nourished.



Pallor



There is pallor and pedal edema , but no icterus , cyanosis,clubbing, lymphadenopathy.

Vitals: Febrile 99.2F





Bp- 150/90 mmHg ( on medication)

Pulse rate - 76 BPM

Systemic examination

cardio vascular examination

            No visible pulsations, scars, engorged veins. No rise in jvp

            Apex beat is felt at 5 ics medial to mid clavicular line.

         S1 S2 heard . No murmurs.

Respiratory system

           Shape of chest is elliptical, b/l symmetrical.

           Trachea is central. Expansion of chest is symmetrical

          Bilateral Airway E - positive

-  Per abdomen examination

      No visible pulsations and scars swellings.

      Soft, non tender, no organo megaley.

     Umbilicus is inverted. 

CNS EXAMINATION: 

Conscious 

Speech normal

No signs of meningeal irritation 

Cranial nerves: normal

Sensory system: normal

Motor system: normal

Reflexes: Right.     Left. 

Biceps.      ++.          ++

Triceps.    ++.          ++

Supinator ++.         ++

Knee.         ++.         ++

Ankle        ++.         ++

Gait: normal






Pedal edema
There was pedal edema 

Gradually progressive 
Pitting type
Bilateral 
Below knees
No local rise of temperature and tenderness 
Grade 2 
Not relived on rest
Not associated with any cardiac, hepatic, venous and respiratory causes.


                  No abdominal distension 



Investigations.

Hemoglobin - 5.5%
Increased WBC count- 19,900


Urea - 129 mg/dl
Creatinine- 6.3 mg/dl



       Urine - pus cells (plenty) - urinary tract inflammation







USG report: 1)Raised echo genicity of right kidney

2) normal size of kidney
3) mild hydronephrosis
4) not visible left kidney


ECG  REPORT



Provisional Diagnosis:
Acute (secondary urosepsis) on chronic kidney disease might be due to recurrent urinary track infection.

Treatment:

Inj. Piptaz -2.25gm/tid

Tab. Lasix -40ug/po/ bd

Tab. Zofer -4mg/po/ sos

Tab. Dolo -650/ po/ sos

Tab. Pan 40mg /po/ od

Nebi. Duolin and Budecort 6hrly

Syr. Mucaine gel 15ml/po/ bd before meal 15min

Syrup. Cremaffin 15ml/po/ sos.











-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SHORT CASE 

Chief complaints

50 year old male, farmer by occupation, resident of Pochampally, came to Medicine OPD with complaints of : 


* Distended abdomen since 7 days 

* Pain abdomen since 7 days

* Pedal edema since 5 days 

* Breathlessness since 4 days.

History of presenting illness


The patient was apparently asymptomatic 6 months ago when he developed jaundice and was treated at a private practitioner.

Later he developed abdominal distension about 7 days ago - insidious in onset, gradually progressive to the present size - associated with 

Pain in epigastric and right hypocondrium - colicky type.

Fever - high grade, not associated with chills and rigor, decreased on medication, No night sweats.

Not associated with Nausea, vomiting, loose stools 


There was pedal edema 


Gradually progressive 

Pitting type

Bilateral 

Below knees

Increases during the day - maximum at evening.

No local rise of temperature and tenderness 

Grade 2 

Not relived on rest 



He also complained of shortness of breath since 4 days - MRC grade 4

Insidious in onset

Gradually progressive 

Agrevated on eating and lying down ; No relieving factors

No PND

No cough/sputum/hemoptysis

No chest pain

No wheezing

Patient is a known alcoholic since 20 years. Ascites increased after his last drink on 29th May, 2022. Alcohol- 2 times a week, 180 ml.

Past history

No history of similar complaints in the past 

Medical history- not a known case of DM, HTN, TB, Epilepsy, Asthma, CAD

Surgical history - not significant 

Personal history

Diet - mixed

Appetite- reduced since 7 days

Sleep - disturbed

Bowel - regular

Bladder - oliguria since 2 days, no burning micturition, feeling of incomplete voiding. 

Allergies- none

Addictions - Beedi - 8-10/day since 20 years ; 

    - Alcohol - Toddy - 1 bottle, 2 times a week, since 20 years;

  - Whiskey-180 ml, 2 times a week, since 5 years.

 - Last alcohol intake - 29th May, 2022.

General examination

Patient is conscious, coherent and co-operative.

Examined in a well lit room

Moderately built and nourished

Icterus - present

Pedal edema - present - bilateral pitting type, grade 2              

   No pallor, cyanosis, clubbing, lymphoedenopathy.



    

Vitals : 

Temperature- febrile

Respiratory rate - 16cpm

Pulse rate - 101 bpm

BP - 120/80 mm Hg.

Systemic examination:

CVS : S1 S2 heard, no murmurs

Respiratory system : normal vesicular breath sounds heard.

Abdominal examination

INSPECTION : 

 Shape of abdomen- distended

Umblicus - everted

Movements of abdominal wall - moves with respiration 

Skin is smooth and shiny;

No scars, sinuses, distended veins, striae.

PALPATION : 

Local rise of temperature present.

Tenderness present - epigastrium.

Tense abdomen 

Guarding present

Rigidity absent 

Fluid thrill positive 

Liver not palpable 

Spleen not palpable 

Kidneys not palpable 

Lymph nodes not palpable 

PERCUSSION

Liver span : not detectable 

Fluid thrill: felt 

Investigations

Serology

HIV - negative 

HCV - negative 

HBsAg - negative 





































PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS: 

Acute decompensated liver failure with ascites.

TREATMENT: 

Syp. Lactose 15ml TID

Abdominal girth charting - 4th hourly

Fluid restrictriction less than 1L per day

Salt restriction less than 2 gms per day




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