1701006011 CASE PRESENTATION

 LONG  CASE 

19 years old male patient residency nalagonda came to OPD with chief complaints of : 

1) breathlessness since 10days

2)fever since 10 days 

3) cough since 3 days 


HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS 

Breathlessness since 10 days which is insidious in onset (mmrc grade 1) 

   -Aggravates on exertion and left lying posistion 

   -relieved on sitting and rest 

Associated with weight loss about 5kg in 2months 

Not associated with 

      -palpitations wheeze orthopnea paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 

 


Fever since 10 days low grade on and off fever which is not associated with chills  


Cough since 3 days without expectorant ( dry cough ) occassionally more during morning time 


PAST HISTORY 

History of weight loss about 5kg in 2 months 

No history of palpitations chestpain hemoptysis 

No history of similar complaints 

No history of tuberculosis in past 

No history of recurrent trauma history 

Not known case of DM HTN TB BRONCHIAL ASTHMA


PERSONAL HISTORY 

Mixed diet 

Occupation student 

sleep is adequate ( but disturbed from past few days)

loss of appetite is present

bowel and bladder movements are regular 

No addictions 

FAMILY HISTORY 

no similar complaints in family 


GENERAL EXAMINATION

Patient is examined in a well lit room with adequate exposure, after taking the consent of the patient.

he is conscious, coherent and cooperative, moderately built and nourished.


no signs of pallor, edema, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, lymphadenopathy


VITALS:


Temperature : Afebrile

Pulse rate : 98 beats/min

BP : 110/70 mm Hg

RR :   16 cpm

SpO2 : 98


INSPECTION 

Shape of chest : elliptical 

Bilaterally symmetrical chest 

Trachea appears central in posistion 

 Expansion of chest Decreased on left side 

Use of accessory muscle for respiration not seen 

No drooping of shoulder 

Supraclavicular infraclavicular hollowness not seen 

Spino scapular distance is equal on both sides 


PALPATION 

All inspectory findings are confirmed 

No local rise of temperature 

No tenderness 

Trachea deviated to right side 

Chest movements decreased on left  side 

Tactile vocal fremitus decreased on left side 

Intra scapular area 

Vocal resonance decreased on infrascapular area of left side 


PERCUSSION 

Left:

-direct : dull 

-Indirect : dull 

-liver dullness from right 5th ics 

-cardiac dullness within normal limits 

Right 

- normal ( resonant ) 

AUSCULTATION 

-Bilaterally air entry present 

-vesicular breath sounds heard 

-decreased intensity of sound on left inframammary infra axillary 


  • CVS EXAMINATION:
S1,S2 heard
No murmurs. No palpable heart sounds.
JVP: normal
Apex beat: normal

PER ABDOMEN:

Soft, Non-tender
No organomegaly
Bowel sounds heard
no guarding/rigidity


CNS EXAMINATION:

No focal neurological deficits
Gait- NORMAL
Reflexes: normal








PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS



Left sided moderate pleural effusion


PLAN OF APPROACH 

DATE : 1-06-2022

    Needle thoracocentesis
         -under strict aseptic conditions USG guidance 5%xylocaine instilled 20cc syringe 5th intercoastal space in left infrascapular  pale yellow coloured fluid of 20ml of fluid is aspirated diagnostic approach 


Findings :
 LDH -105
GLUCOSE -93
PROTEINS -5.1










      








ACCORDING TO LIGHTS CRITERIA: (To know if the fluid is transudative or exudative)

NORMAL:
Serum Protein ratio: >0.5
Serum LDH ratio: >0.6
LDH>2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH
Proteins >30gm/L

My Patient:
Serum protein pleural protein ratio:>0.5
Pleural LDH: >2/3 of upper limit of normal

INTERPRETATION: As 1value are greater than the normal we consider as an exudative 
(confirmation after pleural fluid c/s analysis)









---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SHORT  CASE 

26 year old female who is a resident of nalgonda and housewife came with the complaints of

▪ Lower back ache since 15 days

▪ Fever since 10 days




HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS

▪Patient was apparent asymptomatic 15 days back then she developed severe lower back ache which was insidious in onset and gradually progressive and continuous type which was squeezing in character and not a radiating type of pain and it gets relieved by medication and the injection given by local doctor there are no associated symptoms

▪ Then she developed fever 10 days back which was insidious in onset which started as chills then developed fever which was gradually progressive and associated with chills and rigors  more during night times 

▪ She had vomitings on 2nd( 1 episode) and 3rd June ( 5 to 6 episodes) with food as content and non bilious and not projectile and there are no associated symptoms such as abdominal pain and got relieved with medication given on 4th june

▪ She had noticed red coloured urine on 1st and 2nd june not associated with pain or difficulty in passing urine, no oliguria or increased frequency of urination, no urge to pass urine, there is a feeling of incomplete voiding of urkne

▪ she had puffiness of face and abdominal distension on 6th june and got subsided 

▪ There is no history of chest pain , difficulty in breathing, cough, indigestion or heart burn, pain or stiffness or swelling in the joints

PAST HISTORY

 ▪ no similar complaints in the past 

▪Patient had history of chest pain when she was 10 years old  diagnosed rheumatic heart disease for which she was on medication for it but no subsided so surgery was done( CABG , MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT)  then she was on prophylaxis for 2 years then she discounted then she had c section done 7 months back as baby is weak she consulted doctor from then she again started the penicillin prophylaxis 

▪ She has a history of  PCOS for which she is on medication 

▪ not a known case of diabetes, Hypertension, asthma, tuberculosis 

MARITAL HISTORY

3rd degree consangious marriage , 6 years back and had 7 months old baby 

FAMILY HISTORY 

 not significant 

PERSONAL HISTORY

 Diet - mixed 

Appetite- normal

Sleep - decreased because of pain

Bowel and bladder movements - regular

no addictions

no allergies 


 MENSTRUAL HISTORY

 menarche - 13 years

 regular periods 

5/ 28 - moderate flow 

not associated with pains

GENERAL EXAMINATION 

Patient is conscious coherent  cooperative well oriented  to time , place , person moderately built and moderately nourished 

Pallor- present 

Icterus- absent 

Cyanosis- absent 

Clubbing - absent 

Lymphadenopathy - absent

Edema- absent 







VITALS

 Pulse- 70 bpm

Respiratory rate- 34 per min

Blood pressure- 120/ 70 mm hg

Temperature - afebrile





 SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION


Per abdomen 

INSPECTION

 shape of abdomen- normal 

c section scar is seen and stria gravidarum

 no abdominal swellings seen 

no dilated veins are seen

no visible peristalsis 

all quadrants are moving equally with respiration




PALPATION

No local rise of temperature and no tenderness

no palpable mass

no hepatomegaly and no spleenomegaly

Kidney - ballatoble 

PERCUSSION

resonant sound heard

ASCULTATION

 Bowel sounds heard

CVS

INSPECTION 

midline scar is seen

shape of chest - normal

no precordial bulge seen

JVP not raised

no visible pulsations

PALPATION-

Apex beat felt at left 5th intercoastal space 2.5 cms lateral to mid clavicular  line

 Ausculatation -

S1 , S2  heards 

no murmurs 

click sound heard ( without stethescope)

INVESTIGATIONS

 on day 1

Hemoglobin- 9.8

Total leukocyte count- 21900

neutrophils- 83

lymphocyte- 07

basophils- 02

monocytes- 08

Platelets- 2.1 lakh

Normocytic mormochromic anemia

LIVER FUNCTION TEST

Appt- 51secs

Pt -25 secs

INR- 1.8

Random  blood sugar- 101 mg/ dl

Urea- 26 

Electrolytes

Serum creatinine- 1.4

Sodium- 141meq

Pottasium- 3.4

chloride- 106

day 4th

Hemoglobin- 10.1

Urea- 18


USG




NCCT


2d echo-

X ray-

ECG-

Intake and output chart
 
2nd day 


4/06/2022

5/06/2022

6/06/2022


DIAGNOSIS
 
Acute pyelonephritis 

TREATMENT

IV fluid -NS,RL :75mL/hr

Inj.piptaz 2.25 gm  IV TID

Inj.pan 4mg IV OD

Inj. Zofer 4mg IV SOS

Inj.neomol 1gm IV SOS (if temp >101F)

Tab.PCM 500mg /PO/QID

Tab .niftaz 100mg /PO / BD







Comments

Popular posts from this blog

2K18 BATCH UNIVERSITY PRACTICAL EXAMS DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE - MARCH 2023

2K17 BATCH FINAL MBBS PART-II GM UNIVERSITY PRACTICALS - DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE

1601006100 CASE PRESENTATION