1701006113 CASE PRESENTATION

 LONG CASE :


CASE PRESENTATION

A 65 year old female patient resident of Nalgonda came with the complaints of

        Low back pain since 7 days

        Redued urine output since 7 days

History of Presenting Illness: Patient was apparently asymptomatic 4 years back then she developed low back pain of cramping type aggravated on working and was relieved on medications when shown in a local hospital. Since then, she takes the medications when the pain appears again without any regualtion.

        Patient with the same complaints went to a hospital, which on investigations were told to have renal failure. Patient didn't take up the treatment and continued on NSAIDs when pain appears.

        Patient now presents with decreased urine output and low back pain since 7 days. 

        Complaints of fever of low grade, intermittent in nature and relieved on medication. It was associated with burning micturition.

        Patient denies history of chills and rigors, shortness of breath and pedal edema.

       

Past History:  

            History of NSAIDs abuse since 4 years

            Not a known case of Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension. Epilepsy, Cardiovascular diseases. Asthma and tuberculosis.

            Had Hysterectomy for a prolapsed uterus 4 yrs back

Family History: No similar complaints in family

           Not significant

Personal history:

            Takes mixed diet, has a reduced appetite

            Sleep is Adequate

            Bowel Habits: having constipation

            Bladder habits: Decreased urine output

            No known allergies and no addictions

General physical examination: Patient is conscious, cooperative and well oriented to time, place and person. She is of thin built.

            There is pallor. 

            No signs of icterus, cyanosis, clubbing. lymphadenopathy and edema are present

            Vitals:

                Patient is afebrile

                Pulse rate: 95 bpm

                Blood pressure: 110/70 mm of Hg

                Respirtaory rate; 16 cpm








Systemic Examination:

ABDOMEN EXAMINATION

 

INSPECTION:

Shape – scaphoid

Flanks – free

Umbilicus –central in position , inverted.

All quadrants of abdomen are moving equally with respiration.

No dilated veins, hernial orifices, sinuses

No visible pulsations.

 

PALPATION:

No local rise of temperature and tenderness

All inspectory findings are confirmed.

No guarding, rigidity

Deep palpation- no organomegaly.

 

PERCUSSION:

There is no fluid thrill , shifting dullness.

Percussion over abdomen- tympanic note heard.

 

AUSCULTATION:

 Bowel sounds are heard.






CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM



INSPECTION:

Chest wall - bilaterally symmetrical

No dilated veins, scars, sinuses

Apical impulse and pulsations cannot be appreciated

 

PALPATION:

Apical impulse is felt on the left 5th intercostal space 1cm medial to mid clavicular line.

No parasternal heave, thrills felt

 

AUSCULTATION:

S1 and S2 heard , no added thrills and murmurs heard.

 

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

 

INSPECTION:

Chest is bilaterally symmetrical

Trachea – midline in position.

Apical Impulse is not appreciated 

 Chest is moving normally with respiration.

No dilated veins, scars, sinuses.

 

PALPATION:

Trachea – midline in position.

Apical impulse is felt on the left 5th intercoastal space.

Chest is moving equally on respiration on both sides

Tactile Vocal fremitus - appreciated 

 

PERCUSSION:

The following areas were percussed on either sides- 

Supraclavicular

Infraclavicular

Mammary

Axillary

Infraaxillary

Suprascapular

Infrascapular

Upper/mid/lower interscapular were all RESONANT.

 

AUSCULTATION:

Normal vesicular breath sounds heard 

No adventitious sounds heard.

 


 

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAMINATION.

 

HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS:

 Patient is Conscious, well oriented to time, place and person.

All cranial nerves - intact

Motor system: Intact

Superficial reflexes and deep reflexes are present , normal

Gait is normal

No involuntary movements

Sensory system - all sensations ( pain, touch, temperature, position, vibration sense) are     

                            well appreciated.

Provisional Diagnosis: Acute Kidney Injury on Chronic Kidney Disease

Investigations:


On 6/06/2022

        Hemogram:

            Hemoglobin: 7.9



        Complete urine examination:

        

        Blood urea: 117 mg/dl (17-50)

        Serum creatinine: 8.8mg/dl (0.6-1.2)

        Serum Electrolytes:    

                Sodium: 133mEq/L (136-145)

                Potassium: 3.1mEq/L (3.5-5.1)

                Chloride: 103 mEq/L (98-107)

          Serum Albumin: 3.9g/dl (3.2-4.6)

          Serum Iron: 72mcg/dl (37-145)

           Electrocardiogram: 


        Ultrasound of abdomen: 





On 8/06/2022

            Hemogram:

                Hemoglobin: 7.7 gm/dl

                RBC count: 2.77 millions/cumm (3.8-4.8)

                Total Leucocyte Count: 5800 cells/cumm

                Lymphocytes: 17 (20-40)




Renal function tests: 

                Urea: 74mg/dl (17-50)

                Creatinine: 5.5mg/dl (0.6-1.2)

                 Potassium: 2.8 mEq/L (3.5-5.1)



Bacterial culture and sensitivity report of urine: No pus cells and no growth


Treatment: 


Tab. LASIX 40 mg PO BD

TAB. NODOSIS 500mg PO BD

TAB. OROFER XT PO BD

TAB. PAN 40mg PO OD

TAB. ULTRACET 1/2 TAB PO QID

INJ. IRON SUCROSE 1Amp in 100 ml NS ONCE WEEKLY

INJ. EPO 5000IU/SC/OD

SYRUP. CRANBERRY 15ml PO TID

-------------------------------------------------------

SHORT  CASE 

CASE PRESENTATION

22 Year old Male patient painter by occupation, resident of Nalgonda came with the complaints of

        Pain abdomen since 4 days

History of presenting Illness: Patient was apparently asymptomatic 4 months back the he developed pain abdomen and vomiting on presenting to a hospital diagnosed as Acute Pancreatitis. He was treated at the hospital and was discharged with the advice to stop drinking alcohol.

        4 days back then he developed pain over upper abdomen of dragging type radiating to back aggravated on lying down.

        Patient denies history of fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.

        Patient also gives history of alcohol withdrawal symptoms after the pancreatits episode 4 months back and desries to take up a treatment for deaddiction


Past History:

            Not a known case of Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension. Epilepsy, Cardiovascular diseases. Asthma and tuberculosis

Family History: No similar complaints in family

           Not significant

Personal history:

            Takes mixed diet, has a reduced appetite

            Sleep is Adequate

            Bowel and bladder habits are regular

            Addictions: Started drinking alcohol 4 years back with friends and later the amount of alcohol incresed to 12 units. Started taking alcohol daily since 3 years.

                            Reduced intake to 3 units since 3 months. Last intake was 5 days back of about 6 units of alcohol.

                            Smokes 3-5 beedies per day

General physical examination: Patient is conscious, cooperative and well oriented to time, place and person. She is of thin built.

            There is pallor. 

            No signs of icterus, cyanosis, clubbing. lymphadenopathy and edema are present

            Vitals:

                Patient is afebrile

                Pulse rate: 92 bpm

                Blood pressure: 110/80 mm of Hg

                Respirtaory rate: 14 cpm






Systemic Examination:

ABDOMEN EXAMINATION

 

INSPECTION:

Shape – Flat

Umbilicus –central in position 

All quadrants of abdomen are moving equally with respiration.

No dilated veins, hernial orifices, sinuses

No visible pulsations.

 

PALPATION:

No local rise of temperature and tenderness

All inspectory findings are confirmed.

No guarding, rigidity

Deep palpation- no organomegaly.

 

PERCUSSION:

There is no fluid thrill , shifting dullness.

Percussion over abdomen- tympanic note heard.

 

AUSCULTATION:

 Bowel sounds are heard.







Respiratory system:  Bilateral air entry present,No added breath sounds

Cardiovascular system: S1, S2 heard, no murmurs

Central nervous system: Higher function intact

                                        Sensory and motor system intact

                                        Cranial nerves normal

Diagnosis: Acute Pancreatits?

Investigations: 

        Serum Lipase: 112 IU/L (13-60)

        Serum Amylase: 255IU/L (25-140)

        Hemogram:

                Hemoglobin: 11.8 mg/dl 

                Total leucocytes: 14,300 cells/cumm

                Lymphocytes: 16(18-20)


RFT



                    Liver function tests

                    Ultrasound Of Abdomen: 




 Diagnosis: Pseudocyst of pancreas

Treatment:

        Nill By Mouth 

        Intravenous fluids Ringer lactate and normal saline 10ml per hour

        Inj. TRAMADOL 100 mg in 100ml normal saline IV BD

        INJ. ZOFER 4mg IV BD

        INJ. PAN 40 MG IV BD

        INJ. OPTINEURIN 1amp in 100 ml nd IV OD

        Psychiatric medication: 

        TAB. LORAZEPAM 2mg BD

        TAB. BENZOTHIAMINE 100mg OD

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