LONG CASE
CHIEF COMPLAINTS:
A 55 yr old female who is house maid by occupation came to the hospital with chief complaints-
Fever since 5 days
Neck stiffness since 5 days
History of present illness:-
- Patient was apparently asymptomatic 5 days back then she had fever which is sudden in onset and continuous type and relieved on medication and associated with tremors.
Complaints of bilateral knee joint pains Fever not associated with chills and rigors. No h/o cold ,cough ,loose stools , abdominal pain , breathlessness, PND , orthopnoea. No history of burning micturition, increased frequency of micturition.
- There is h/o headache from 25 days but it got aggravated since 5 days which is insidious in onset and progressive for which she took medication but not relieved. No aggravating and relieving factors . - History of neck stiffness since 5 days.
- History of vomiting 3 days back ,1 episode which is not projectile ,non bilious ,content is food particles .
Past history:-
No history of similar complaints in the past.
Medical illness - Not a known case of diabetes , hypertension, asthma, TB, Thyroid .
•7 yrs back she had history of CVA where both upper and lower limbs are paralysed and took some medication.
she took allopathy medicine 6 months back and she got recovered.
•Surgical history- hysterectomy done 25 yrs back .
Family history:-
No similar complaints inthe family
No history of diabetes, hypertension,TB ,asthma.
Personal history:-
Diet - mixed
Appetite - lost
Sleep - adequate
Bowel and bladder- regular bladder and constipation is present .
No addictions and allergies.
General examination:-
Patient is conscious, coherent, coperative. Moderately built moderately nourished.
No pallor, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, generalised lymphadenopathy, generalised edema.
Vitals:
Temperature: 99°F
Pulse rate: 75bpm
Resp rate:15cpm
BP:110/70mmhg
Spo2:96%
Systemic examination:-
Central nervous system-
Higher mental functions
• conscious
• oriented to person and place ,time.
• memory - able to recognize their family members
• Speech - normal
Cranial nerve examination -
• 1 - sense of smell present
• 2- Direct and indirect light reflex present
• 3,4,6 - no ptosis Or nystagmus
• 5- corneal reflex present on both sides
• 7- no deviation of mouth, no loss of nasolabial folds, forehead wrinkling present.
• 8- able to hear
• 9,10- uvula not deviated
• 11- sternocleidomastoid contraction present
• 12- no tongue deviation
Motor system
Tone -. Upper limbs Lower limbs
Inspection - Normal Normal
Palpation - Normal Normal
Bulk : right Left
Arm 28cm 27cm
Forearm 20cm 18 cm
Thigh 33 cm 32cm
Calf 25 cm 23 cm
Power :
Muscles of neck -
• stenocleidomastoid- good
•Nuchal muscles- stiffness present
Slight tenderness present over the neck on examination.
Right Left
Biceps- 5/5 5/5
Triceps-. 5/5 5/5
Brachioradialis-. 5/5 5/5
Tibialis posterior-. 5/5 5/5
Reflexes: right left
Biceps- + +
Triceps- + +
Supinator- + +
Knee- + +
Ankle - + +
Sensory system: Normal
Cerebellar signs :
Knee - heel incoordination - No
Finger - nose incoordination- No
Meningeal signs -
Neck stiffness present .
Kernig's sign - positive
Brudzinki sign - positive
EXAMINATION OF OTHER SYSTEMS
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:
S1 S2 Heart sounds – normal
No thrills/murmurs
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
Chest symmetrical, No paradoxical movements, Normal vesicular breath sounds heard,
No abnormal/added sound
ABDOMEN:
Abdomen is soft, non tender,No organomegaly, No ascites.
Provisional diagnosis:-
Dengue fever with viral meningo encephalitis under evaluation and detected denovo diabetes mellitus type 2.
Investigations:-
GRBS - 91 mg/dl
Hemogram :-
Hb - 13 g/dl
TLC - 3500
N/L/E/M-60/30/2/8
PLT- 2.1 lakh per mm3
NC/NC
Fasting blood sugar- 168 mg/ dl
Hb1 AC -6.9
Urea- 38
Serum creatinine- 1.0
Uric acid - 4.9
Sodium- 141meq
Pottasium- 4.0
chloride- 105
Serology - non reactive
LFT:
Tb - 1.03
Db- 0.31
SGOT(AST) - 69
SGPT(ALT) - 68
ALP-135
Tp-6.4
Albumin-4.0
CUE:
Albumin +
Sugar - nil
Pus cells - 6 - 8
Epithelial cells- 3-4
RBC - nil
Casts - nil
CSF :
Sugar - 81
Protein-12.6
Chloride-113
ABG:
pH - 7.4
Pco2- 29.1
Po2- 88.4
Hco3- 18.0
Sat O2 - 96%
MRI brain :
X Ray - knee joint AP view
X ray Lateral view of skull and neck- 2Decho:-
Treatment:-
Inj. CEFTRIAXONE 2 gm/ BD
Inj.DEXA 6mg/iv/tid
Inj . Vancomycin 1gm/iv
Inj. Pcm 1gm/iv
Tab . Pcm 650 mg
Tab. Ecospirin 75 mg /po/od
Tab. Atorvas 10 mg /po/od
Syp. Cremaffin plus 30ml/po
On day 2 :-
Patient is conscious, coherent, cooperative.
Vitals:-
Temperature: 99°F
Pulse rate: 76bpm
Resp rate:15cpm
BP:130/90mmhg
Spo2:96%
GRBS- 197mg/dl
Treatment-
Inj. CEFTRIAXONE 2 gm/ BD
Inj.DEXA 6mg/iv/tid
Inj . Vancomycin 1gm/iv
Inj. Pcm 1gm/iv
Tab . Pcm 650 mg
Tab. Ecospirin 75 mg /po/od
Tab. Atorvas 10 mg /po/od
Syp. Cremaffin plus 30ml/po
Oint.Diclofenac for thigh pain
On day 3:-
Patient is conscious, coherent, cooperative.
Vitals:-
Temperature: 99°F
Pulse rate: 78bpm
Resp rate:16cpm
BP:120/90mmhg
Spo2:96%
GRBS- 190mg/dl
Investigations:-
Treatment-
Inj. CEFTRIAXONE 2 gm/ BD
Inj.DEXA 6mg/iv/tid
Inj . Vancomycin 1gm/iv
Inj. Pcm 1gm/iv
Tab . Pcm 650 mg
Tab. Ecospirin 75 mg /po/od
Tab. Atorvas 10 mg /po/od
Syp. Cremaffin plus 30ml/po
Oint.Diclofenac for thigh pain
Inj.pan 40 mg iv /od
Tab. Naproxen 250 mg po/tid.
Flexbenz gel for L/A on thighs
-------------------------------------------------------
SHORT CASE
A 15yr old male patient came with the complaints of:
-Chest pain since 3 months
-Breathlessness since 1 month
History of present illness:-
Patient was apparently asymptomatic 3 months back then he developed chest pain which was insidious in onset, gradually progressive dull aching non radiating increased on lying down, and on turning on left side. Pain relieved on sitting. First the parents thought it as acidity and took medication for it and not relieved.
For the first month pain is severe and took medication and next he didn't complain that much of pain and again in the last month ,pain started and got aggravated and they went to doctor.
They couldn't find any abnormality ,and they done investigations like Xray and couldn't find the abnormality.
No history of palpitations, PND, pedal edema, vomiting, hemoptysis, trauma.
Then he developed breathless since 1 month grade I(NYHA) Insidious in onset, gradually progression, aggrevated on lying down and on lying on left side. Relieved on sitting.
Associated with dry cough
Not associated with wheeze,cold
No history of fever, loose stools,sorethroat, headache.
Past history
No similar complaints in the past
7yrs back patient had complaints of body pains for which he was managed conservatively
4 yrs back patient had complaints of body pains for which he was managed conservatively at our hospital
2 yrs back he developed herpes on left side of face.
No history of DM, HTN, TB, Asthma, epilepsy
Personal history:-
Diet:mixed
Appetite:normal
Sleep:adequate
Bowel and bladder regular
No addictions
No known drug and food allergies
Family history:-
Not significant
General examination:-
Patient is conscious, coherent, coperative. Moderately built moderately nourished
No pallor, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, generalised lymphadenopathy, generalised edema.
Vitals:
temperature:99.3F
Pulse rate: 78bpm
Resp rate:18cpm
BP:110/70mmhg
Spo2:98%
Systemic examination
Respiratory system
Inspection:
Shape - elliptical
No tracheal deviation
Chest bilaterally symmetrical
Expansion of chest-
Use of accessory muscles - not present
No dilated veins,pulsations,scars, sinuses.
No drooping of shoulder.
Palpation:
No local rise of temperature and tenderness
Inspectory findings confirmed
trachea- normal
Apex beat- 5th intercoastal space,medial to midclavicular line.
Vocal fremitus- decreased on left side in infraaxillary and infrascapular region.
Measurements:
Anteroposterior length: 13cm
Transverse length: 28cm
Circumference: 78cm
Percussion:Dull note heard at the left infraaxillary and infrascapular area
Auscultation:
Bilateral air entry present.
Vesicular breath sounds heard.
Decreased intensity of breath sounds heard in left infraxillary and infra scapular area
Vocal resonance: decreased in left infraaxillary and infrascapular areas
Provisional diagnosis:-
Mild left sided hydropneumothorax.
Investigations:-
Treatment:- conservative management-
Tab.paracetomol
IV fluids
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