1701006153 CASE PRESENTATION

 LONG  CASE :

52 year old male,farmer by occupation, resident of Nalgonda came to hospital with chief complaints of:

• Fever since 6 days.

• Abdominal tightness since 6 days.

HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 6 days ago when he developed,


• Fever is insidious in onset, gradually progressive , low grade , continuous, no chills and rigor. No aggravating factors but relieved with medication given by rmp.


•Abdominal tightness was present since 6 days insidious in onset,not associated with pain , vomiting and diarrhoea.


• Weakness since 6 days


•History of decreased appetite since 5 days.


• He was admitted into Nalgonda hospital for 2 days before getting admitted here , he was diagnosed with thrombocytopenia (17,000cells/mm³).


•No history of headache,joint pains,body pains.


• No history of rashes and bleeding tendencies.


• No history of weight loss.

PAST HISTORY:

•No similar complaints in the past.


•No history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, tuberculosis, asthma , cerebro vascular accident and coronary artery disease.

PERSONAL HISTORY:

Diet - Mixed.

Appetite- decreased since 5 days.

Sleep - adequate.

Bowel and bladder- regular.

Addictions: Alcohol and toddy occasionally since 15 years.

Toddy intake 5 days back.

FAMILY HISTORY:

•No similar complaints in past.

• No history of asthma , dm , htn, cva and cad.

GENERAL EXAMINATION:

•Patient is examined in well lit room after taking consent.

•Patient is conscious , coherent and cooperative , moderately built and nourished.

• Pallor - absent.

Icterus- absent.

Cyanosis-absent

Clubbing - absent.

Lymphadenopathy-absent

Edema - absent.


No pallor:



VITALS:

Pulse - 90 beats per minute, regular rythm,normal volume and character of vessel, no radio radial delay and no radio femoral delay.

Respiratory rate - 20 cycles per minute.

Temperature - afebrile.

Blood pressure - 120/80 mm hg.

Spo2 - 98%.

Grbs - 110 mg/dl.

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

Abdominal examination:

INSPECTION:

abdomen shape - distended.

Flanks - full

Umbilicus - normal.

No visible scars, sinuses , striae , engorged veins.

No visible gastric peristalsis.





PALPATION:

No local rise of temperature.

No tenderness.

Abdomen distended.

Organs couldn't be palpated.

PERCUSSION:

Fluid thrill is present.


AUSCULTATION: 

Normal bowel sounds heard.

No bruit.

RESPIRATORY EXAMINATION:

BAE Present.

Normal vesicular breath sounds heard.

CVS EXAMINATION:

S1 S2 Heard, no murmurs.

CNS EXAMINATION:

No neurological deficit.

INVESTIGATION:

On 8-6-22

Hemogram:


Hemoglobin - 14.9 gm/dl.

Tlc- 10,500cells/ mm³.

Neutrophils- 43%

Lymphocytes- 48%.

Eosinophils - 01%.

Platelet count - 22000 cells/ cumm.


PCV - 42.2



Blood urea-59 mg/dl

Serum creatinine -1.6mg/dl

Serum electrolytes:

Na-142 mEq/l

K-3.9mEq/l

Cl-103 mEq/l



Liver function tests-

Total bilirubin-1.27 mg/dl

Direct bilirubin-0.44 mg/dl

SGOT-60 IU/L

SGPT-47IU/L

ALP-127IU/L

Total proteins- 5.9 gm/dl

Albumin-3.5g/dl

A/G ratio-1.48



CUE:

Albumin ++

Pus cells - 4-6

Epithelial cells - 2 -3.

NS 1 ANTIGEN Test - Positive.

IgM and IgG - Negative.


HIV RAPID TEST non reactive.

HBsAg Rapid test - negative.

Anti HCV antibodies - non reactive.



USG REPORT:


Mild splenomegaly .

Right sided mild pleural effusion.

Mild ascites.

Grade 2 fatty liver.

Gall bladder wall edematous.


On 9-6-22:

Hemogram:

Hemoglobin: 14.3gm/dl.

Wbc - 8200 cells/cumm

Neutrophils - 38%

Lymphocytes-51%.

Platelet count - 30,000/cumm.


PCV - 42.0



On 10-6-22

Hemogram:

Hemoglobin- 14 gm/ dl 

Tlc - 5680cells/cumm.

Neutrophils -35%

Lymphocytes - 54%.

Platelet count-84,000/cumm.



Serum creatinine- 1.2 mg/dl.


On 11-6-22

Hemogram:

Wbc- 4800 cells/cumm.

Neutrophils - 40%

Lymphocytes-48%

Platelet count -60,000cells/cumm.

On 11-6-22 evening

Platelet count -76000cell/cumm.


On 12-6-22

Hemogram

Hb-15.3

Wbc - 7,100.

Neutrophils - 40%

Lympocytes -50%

Platelet count- 1 lakhcells/cumm.

PCV - 44.6




PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:

Viral pyrexia with thrombocytopenia secondary to dengue NS1 POSITIVE with polyserositis (with right sided pleural effusion with mild ascites).


TREATMENT:

On 8-6-22

Ivf NS/RL/DNS continuous at 100ml/hr

Inj. PAN 40mg IV BD 

 inj. ZOFER 4mg IV/SOS

Inj. NEOMOL 1gm IV/SOS

Tab. PCM 650 mg PO/ SOS

Inj. OPTINEURON 1 AMP in 100ml NS IV/OD over 30mins.


On 9-6-22

Treatment

Iv fluids - Ns/RL @100 ml/hr

Inj.pan 40 mg iv/OD

Inj.optineuron 1 amp in 100 ml/Ns/iv/OD over 30 mins 

Inj.zofer 4mg/iv/sos 

Tab.doxycycline 100mg PO/BD 

VITALS monitoring 


On 10-6-22

Iv fluids - NS,RL@100 ml/hr

Inj.pan 40 mg iv/oD

Tab.doxycycline 100 mg Po/BD

Inj zofer 4mg iv/sos

Inj.optineuron 1 amp in 100 ml Ns/iv/OD over 30 mins 

VITALS monitoring 4 th hourly.


On 11-6-22

Iv fluids - NS,RL@100 ml/hr

Inj.pan 40 mg iv/oD

Tab.doxycycline 100 mg Po/BD

Inj zofer 4mg iv/sos

Inj.optineuron 1 amp in 100 ml Ns/iv/OD over 30 mins

DOLO 650mg /sos 

VITALS monitoring.


On 12-6-22

Iv fluids - NS,RL@50 ml/hr

Inj.pan 40 mg iv/oD

Tab.doxycycline 100 mg Po/BD

Inj zofer 4mg iv/sos

Inj.optineuron 1 amp in 100 ml Ns/iv/OD over 30 mins

DOLO 650mg /sos 

VITALS monitoring.



On 13-6-22

Oral fluid

Tab.dolo650mg/po/sos.

Tab.pan 10mg/po/od.

Tab.doxycycline 100mg/po/bd.

Tab.zincovit po/od 

Vitals monitoring.

--------------------------------------------------------

SHORT  CASE 

22 year old female , farmer by occupation, resident of Miryalguda came with chief complaints of 

• Decreased urine output since 5 days

• Generalised edema since 5 days.

HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS

 • She was apparently asymptomatic 12 years ago when she developed increased frequency of micturition , increased appetite , fever for 10 days for which she went to a private hospital in miryalaguda . She was diagnosed with Diabete mellitus. 

• She was on oral hypoglycaemic agents for 1 year then she was kept on insulin 2 times daily.

•During routine checkup she was diagnosed with hypertension 1 year ago , from then she is on tab.Telma and tab.Nicardia.

• 15 days ago she was brought to opd with generalised edema , grade 3 dyspnoea, increased dyspnoea on lying down, decreased urine output was diagnosed with renal failure and nephrotic syndrome.

• She was hemodialysed for 5 times and blood transfusion of 1unit was done and was discharged.

•She was again admitted due to decreased urine output and generalised edema since 5 days. Periorbital edema appeared first then whole body was involved.

•No history of hematuria , loin pain. No history of sore throat and fever. No history of cough.

PAST HISTORY

•Patient is a known case of diabetes mellitus since 12 years and is on insulin two times a day.

• Also a known case of hypertension since 1 year and is on tab.telma and tab.Nicardia.

• No history of asthma, epilepsy, tuberculosis,coronary artery disease.

• No history of any surgeries.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Diet : mixed 

• Appetite: decreased since 1month

• Sleep: adequate

• bladder : decreased urine output since 20 days.

• Bowel : regular.

• No addiction.

• No allergies.

FAMILY HISTORY

Not significant

MENSTRUAL , MARITAL AND OBSTETRIC HISTORY 

Menarche at 11 year age.

Regular cycles 5/30.

No pains and no clots.

Married 1 year ago 

2 months of amenorrhea 3 months ago .

She was pregnant and diagnosed based on usg ,but no fetal cardaic activity so she was aborted.

From then she had no menstrual cycles.

GENERAL EXAMINATION

Patient is examined in a well lit room after taking consent .

She is conscious, coherent and cooperative.

Oriented to time,place and person.

Pallor - present.

Icterus - absent.

Cyanosis- absent.

Clubbing- absent.

Lymphadenopathy- absent.

Edema- pitting type of bilateral pedal edema and generalised edema (anasarca) present.

Pallor:



Edema:






VITALS:

•Pulse rate : 87 beats per minute, regular rythm,normal volume and character of vessel,no radio-radial delay and no radio- femoral delay. 

• Respiratory Rate: 20 cycles per minute.

• Blood pressure: 130/80 mm hg.

• Temperature: afebrile.

• spo2 : 97%

• grbs : 201mg/dl.

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION

ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION

•INSPECTION:

Abdomen distended.

Umbilicus normal in shape and position.

No scars and sinuses visible.

No dilated veins and no visible gastric peristalsis.

• PALPATION:

No local rise of temperature

No tenderness

Organs were not palpable.

• PERCUSSION: 

Fluid Thrill present 

• AUSCULTATION:

Normal bowel sounds heard.




• RESPIRATORY EXAMINATION:

Examination of upper respiratory tract normal 

Examination of Lower respiratory tract: 

INSPECTION:

Trachea is central in position.

Chest is Symmetrical.

Movement - bilaterally equally.

Thoracoabdominal type of breathing.

No use of accessory muscles.

PALPATION:

Trachea central in position.

Chest expanding symmetrically.

Vocal fremitus decreased in inframammary, infra axillary and infra scapular area on both sides.

PERCUSSION:

Stony dull note in inframammary,infra axillary and infra scapular areas.

AUSCULTATION:

Decreased breath sounds in inframammary, infra axillary and infra scapular areas of chest.

Normal vesicular breath sounds.


CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

S1 S2 Heard.

CNS EXAMINATION

No neurological deficit.

INVESTIGATIONS:

ON 10-6-22:


Hemogram:

Hb;6.5gm/dl

RBC count:2.42millions /cumm

TLC:7100cells/cumm

Neutrophils;70%

lymphocytes;17%

MCV:80.2fl

MCH:26.9pg

MCHC;33.5%

RDW-cv;14.2%

Platelet count:1.20lakhs/cumm 

Smear:normocytic and normochromic


Blood urea- 110mg/dl.

Serum creatinine- 6.2 mg/dl.

Serum electrolyte:

Na-136 mEq/l.

K- 3.5 mEq/l.

Cl- 97mEq/l.

SEROLOGY:

HBsAG-negative.

Anti hcv antibodies- Non reactive

HIV RAPID TEST - Non reactive.

USG REPORT FINDINGS:

B/l grade 2 rpd.

Gross ascites.

B/l moderate to gross Pleural Effusion.

CHEST X RAY:


INVESTIGATION ON 11-6-22:

Hemogram:


Blood urea- 127 mg/dl 

Serum creatinine- 6.7 mg/dl.

Serum electrolytes:

Na - 136 mEq/l.

K - 3.5 mEq/l.

Cl - 97mEq/l.


PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:

Chronic kidney disease on maintainance hemodialysis with bilateral pleural effusion.



TREATMENT:

On 10-6-22:

Inj. Lasix 60mg/IV/BD.

Inj .human actrapid insulin.6U/iv/stat

Insulin infusion 6ml/hr 

Tab.nicradia 20 mg /po/BD

Tab .Telma 40 mg/po/OD

NBM till further orders 

Fluid and salt restriction

Grbs monitoring hrly .



On 11-6-22

Inj. lasix 60 mg /iv/BD 

Inj insulin infusion 6ml/hr 

Tab.nicardia 20 mg/po/bd

Tab. Telma 40 mg/po/oD 

NBM till further orders

Fluid and salt restriction.

Grbs monitoring hlry 



On 12-6-22

Inj.lasix 60 mg/iv/BD

Inj .human actrapid S/c 

Tab.nicardia 20 mg /PO/BD

Tab.Telma 40 mg/PO/oD 

Fluid and salt restriction

Bp/PR/Grbs 4th hourly 





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