1801006005 CASE PRESENTATION

long case

A 30-year-old female, a farmer by occupation from Choutuppal, presents to the medicine OPD with complaints of generalized weakness for the past month. stomach pain for the past 4 days and non-projectile vomiting for the past 2 days. The weakness is progressive and has been affecting the patient's ability to perform daily activities. The patient reports that the stomach pain is diffuse, throbbing in type ,intermittent, and associated with nausea aggravated during eating . The vomiting is non-projectile, occurs after meals,non bloodstained and consists of partially digested food.

The patient reports that one month ago, she had an episode of fever that was intermittent in nature and accompanied by chills and rigors. She also experienced vomiting 2-3 times a day and small volume watery diarrhea,non blood stained for 10 days. At that time, the patient sought medical attention and was incidentally found to have a hemoglobin level of 5 g/dL. However, the patient was not willing to be admitted to the hospital and was prescribed oral iron medications by the treating physician. H/o dyspnea insidious in onset gradually progressed to grade 3.H/o weight loss pas 1 month No h/o urgency,hesitancy ,burning micturition.No h/o orthopnea,paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.No h/o bleeding manifestations

History of Daily Routine: The patient reports waking up at 6:00 AM and drinking tea. After freshening up, the patient cooks and eats breakfast which typically includes rice. The patient walks to work at 8:00 AM and spends the day planting trees and picking cotton from the plants. The patient eats lunch at 12:00 PM, which is typically a curry with rice. The patient returns home at 4:00 PM and performs household chores. The patient eats dinner and goes to sleep. The patient reports waking up twice during the night to urinate.

NUTRITION HISTORY:

24 hour recall

7am - tea

8 am - plain rice ( 2 cups)with dhal -340+350(7+21)

1pm - plain rice with dhal

8pm - plain rice with dhal

2370 calories per day

total proteins-84 grams

Menstrual history: menarche at the age of 14 years and has had regular menstrual cycles since then. Marriage at 18 years .  pain during periods and passing clots. The menstrual flow lasts for 5 days, with an average of 2 sanitary napkins used per day. Last menstrual period : 12 days ago


OBSTETRIC HISTORY: P2L2 The patient reports having two live births: the first child is a male who is currently 13 years old and the second child is a male who is currently 9 years old. The delivery of the second child was via C-section due to diagnosed as gestational hypertension. The patient received a blood transfusion during the delivery of the second child at 9 months of pregnancy.

FAMILY HISTORY:

Her mother known case of hypothyroidism using 100 micrograms since 10years.

GENERAL EXAMINATION:

After taking consent,patient is examined in well lit room,patient is conscious coherent and cooperative well oriented to time place and person

pallor ++






icterus absent

cyanosis absent

clubbing

lymphadenopathy absent

edema absent

VITALS:

pulse : 83 bpm ,regular rhythm normal volume no radioradial delay no radiofemoral delay BP: 110/80mm hg in right arm examined in sitting position RR: 15 cpm temperature

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

Oral Cavity-Hygiene normal

Teeth: Caries present Tongue: bald Palate / Tonsils / oropharynx - normal INSPECTION:






Shape - round, large with no distention.

Umbilicus  - Inverted

Equal symmetrical movements in all the quadrants with respiration.

No visible pulsation,peristalsis, dilated veins and localized swellings.

LSCS Scar present in lower abdomen, hypepigmented.

Hernial orifices are free.


PALPATION : no Local Rise of Temperature

 Tenderness present in a left upper quadnant ,left lumbar ,umbilicus and hypogastric regions guarding presnt in left lumbar region.

DEEP :  

Enlargement of liver, regular smooth surface  , roundededges soft in consistency, tender, moving with respiration non pulsatile

No splenomegaly

PERCUSSION:

Fluid thrill and shifting dullness absent 

puddle sign not elicited as patient was not willing

AUSCULTATION

 Bowel sounds present.

No bruit or venous hum.

CVS:

Inspection:. 

Apical impulse is not observed. 

There are no other visible pulsations, dilated and engorged veins, surgical scars or sinuses. 

Palpation:

Apex beat was localised in the 5th intercostal space 2cm medial to the mid clavicular line 

Position of trachea was central 

There we no parasternal heave , thrills, tender points. 

Auscultation

S1 and S2  heard , no murmurs 

RESPIRATORY EXAMINATION:

trachea central , no chest wall abnormalities .

bilateral air entry present ,normal vesicular breath sounds.

CNS:

HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS- Normal

Memory intact

CRANIAL NERVES :Normal

SENSORY EXAMINATION

Normal sensations felt in all dermatomes

MOTOR EXAMINATION

Normal tone in upper and lower limb

Normal power in upper and lower limb

Normal gait, slrt bilaterally negative

REFLEXES

Tone- normal

Power- bilaterally 5/5

Reflexes: Right.     Left. 

Biceps.      ++.          ++

Triceps.    ++.          ++

Supinator ++.         ++

Knee.         ++.         ++

Ankle        ++.         +

CEREBELLAR FUNCTION

Normal function

No meningeal signs were present 

Probable diagnosis:

      Acute Gastritis with nutritional anemia

INVESTIGATIONS :



HEMOGRAM:


ON DAY-3:


DAY -2:






RETIC COUNT - 1.5 %



DAY-1











Input and output chart:




TREATMENT:

IV fluids ns 75ml/hr 

INJ pan 40 mg/ IV /od 

INJ Zofer 4mg/IV 

INJ optineuron 1 amp in 500ml  ns/ IV/od 

T.PCM 650 mg   od 

Syp.Sucralfate 10ml/tid 

Syp. Cremaffin citrate 15ml 

INJ vitkofol 1000mcg/IM/od 

T.orofer xt/po/od










IRON PILL induced gastritis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5412550

Dilutional anemia :

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHORT CASE

A 55 year old male resident of narketpally mechanic by occupation, came with cheif complaints of abdominal tightness since 1 month, decreased appetite since 1 month

HOPI

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 1 month back, then he developed abdominal distension which is insidious in onset gradually progressive, fever since 10days high grade  associated with chills and rigors and increased on night time relieved by medication

h/o decreased appetite

No h/o pain abdomen ,vomiting, pedal edema ,dyspnea ,jaundice ,cough, hemoptysis,burning micturition

PAST HISTORY:

not a k/c/o dm ,htn,tb, asthma ,epilepsy

PERSONAL HISTORY:

DIET- mixed

APPETITE- decreased

SLEEP- adequate

BOWEL AND BLADDER MOVEMENTS- Regular

ADDICTIONS- 

chronic alcoholic drinks 90 ml for 20 years 

chronic smoker 9 beedis per days for past 30 years 

DAILY ROUTINE 1 month back: patient wakes up at 6 o clock , drinks chai , goes for work , works in a factory ( brick making ) at 1 O clock eats lunch usually rice with curry  at 5 o clock comes home watches tv and 8 oclock eats dinner rice with curry and sleeps adequately

present daily routine:

at 6 oclock drinks chai eats 2 idli for breakfast drinks maaza  , cannot go to work , appetite decreased .

ON EXAMINATION:

PATIENT IS CONSCIOUS, COHERENT, COOPERATIVE

PALLOR- ABSENT

ICTERUS- ABSENT

CYANOSIS- ABSENT

CLUBBING- ABSENT

LYMPHADENOPATHY- ABSENT

EDEMA- ABSENT

VITALS :

TEMP. : 97.2
PR : 88 BPM in right arm radial pulse , all peripheral pulses are palpable ,no radioradial delay ,no radiofemoral delay
RR : 18 CPM
BP : 100/60 bpm in right arm sitting position.









SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

RS : RESPIRATORY SYSTEM- 
Patient examined in sitting position
Inspection:-
Upper respiratory tract - oral cavity, nose & oropharynx appears normal. 
Chest appears Bilaterally symmetrical & elliptical in shape
Respiratory movements appear equal on both sides and it's Abdominothoracic type. 
Trachea central in position & Nipples are in 4th Intercoastal space
No signs of volume loss
No dilated veins, scars, sinuses, visible pulsations. 

Palpation:-
All inspiratory findings confirmed
Trachea central in position
Apical impulse in left 5th ICS
, 1cm medial to mid clavicular line
Cricosternal distance is 3finger breadths. 
MEASUREMENTS-
chest circumference- 31 inches at expiration & 32 inches at full inspiration
Chest expansion- 2.5cm
                                         Right                   left
Hemithorax-              15.5 inches 15.5inches

Hemithorax expansion-  1/2inch     1/2inch

AP diameter-                  7 inch
Transverse diameter-    12 inches

AP/T ratio - 0.58

Tactile vocal phremitus- diminished in left Infraaxillary & infra scapular area. 

Percussion:-
                                       Right                     left

Supraclavicular- Resonant (R)                 (R) 

Infraclavicular-              (R)                        (R) 

Mammary-                     (R)                      Dull

Axillary-                          (R)                        (R) 

Infra axillary-                R                   dull

Suprascapular-             (R)                        (R) 

Interscapular-               (R)                        (R) 

Infrascapular-             R                       dull 

Auscultation:-

                                      Right                     Left

Supraclavicular- Normal vesicular        (NVBS)
                        Breath sounds (NVBS) 

Infraclavicular-          (NVBS)                 (NVBS)

Mammary-                 (NVBS)                 (NVBS)

Axillary-                      (NVBS)                 (NVBS)

Infra axillary-      NVBS                 diminished
                                                          

Suprascapular-          (NVBS)                (NVBS)

Interscapular-            (NVBS)                (NVBS)

Infrascapular-          nvbs      diminished 
 
        
P/A : soft, tenderness presnent in epigastric and  umbilical regions , no shifting dullness ,,no  fuild thrill
CVS :S1, S2 herad no murmurs

INVESTIGATIONS:




























exudative picture

PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:
TB PERITONITIS 
LEFT PLUERAL EFFUSION, CLD  secondary to chronic alcoholism

TREATMENT:
1) SALT RESTRICTION<2GM/DAY
2) FLUID RESTRICTION<1.2LIT/DAY
3) INJ CEFTOXIME 1GM IV/BD
4) INJ PAN 40MG  IV/BD
5) INJ LACILACTONE20/25 PO/OD@9AM
6) SYP LACTULOSE 10ML PO/BD
7) TAB DOLO 650MG PO/TID
8) STRICT INPUT /OUTPUT CHARTING

 Att
isoniazid-5mg /kg OD
RIFAMPICIN-10 MG /KGOD
ethambutol- 15mg /kg OD
pyrazinamide-40mg po 
FOLLOW UP: REVIEW after 2 weeks

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